(August 4, 2022) As a young kid in India, Professor John Kuriyan would often find himself fascinated by the greenery surrounding him. Today a leading structural biologist with numerous awards and honours, Professor Kuriyan is widely known for his fundamental discoveries concerning the structure and mechanism of enzymes and molecular switches. “Growing up in a tropical country like India, one finds life in almost everything around,” shares the scholar, as he takes out time from his tight schedule to connect with Global Indian, from California, United States of America. “Just a flask of river water would contain so many bacteria and viruses. That is what motivated me to pursue a career in sciences.”
Professor John Kuriyan
Currently, the scholar is serving as a professor of Molecular and Cell Biology and professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. Named as the next dean of the prestigious Vanderbilt School of Medicine Basic Sciences – the first Indian-American scholar to hold the office – Professor Kuriyan is ecstatic about the new inning. “I have spent many decades in academia, and to join the Vanderbilt School of Medicine Basic Sciences is a tremendous privilege. The institution is known for its cutting-edge and interdisciplinary approach to research, and to get to shape the strategies for the future direction of the school will be an honour,” expresses the scholar, who will assume the dean’s office on January 1, 2023.
The world of sciences
A native of Kerala, Professor Kuriyan travelled across the country, thanks to his father’s transferable job as a central government employee. “One of the most distinctive things about my father’s job was that his assignment changed every three to four years. So, I got to see most parts of India, from Assam to Maharashtra, and Rajasthan. I enjoyed it all,” he shares.
While he finished his bachelor’s degree in the US, few people know that Professor Kuriyan was initially enrolled at the University of Madras. “I was studying chemistry at the Madras Christian College in Chennai. It was only during the second year that I received a scholarship from Juniata College in Pennsylvania. I was elated to join them,” he says. The scholar, who earned his BS in Chemistry in 1981, proceeded to enroll in the Ph.D programme at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he received a doctorate in Physical Chemistry in 1986. “I completed my post-doctoral fellowship under the supervision of Professors Gregory Petsko and Martin Karplus. It was a great learning opportunity for me and I took full advantage of it,” shares the scholar, who loves birdwatching during early hours of the morning.
Prof John Kuriyan receiving SGRF Lifetime Achievement Award
Armed with a Ph.D, he joined Rockefeller University in New York City as an assistant professor in 1987. In 2001, the scholar joined the University of California, Berkeley as a Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology and also of Chemistry. “Teaching young and bright minds is very rewarding,” expresses Professor Kuriyan, speaking about his long career in academics, adding, “The special thing is, if the students have chosen the subject themselves, then to watch them learn, grow and explore the new avenues in the field is pretty exciting.”
Above the curve
A favourite among his students, Professor Kuriyan’s research in the field of molecular, cellular, and developmental biology is inspiring. Concerning the atomic-level mechanism of the enzymes and molecular switches, his laboratory uses X-ray crystallography to study and elucidate mechanisms. His work has helped the scientific world understand how misregulation of these enzymes could be a reason for cancer and immune diseases. The lab has been instrumental in the determination of the switching mechanisms of several tyrosine kinases, including immune-cell kinases ZAP-70 and BTK.
Prof John Kuriyan with world’s leading structural biologists, at the Inaugural Symposium for the Harvard Cryo-Electron Microscopy Center for Structural Biology
The scholar’s research on fundamental discoveries related to the structural basis for high-speed DNA replication has been applauded worldwide. The Dupont-Merck Award of the Protein Society (1997), Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry (1998), and Cornelius Rhoads Memorial Award (1999) are just a few among the many awards he has won for his research works. In 2005, Professor Kuriyan was conferred the prestigious Loundsbery Award by the National Academy of Sciences. He was also elected as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 2015.
Still connected to his roots in Kerala, the scholar lauds India for its technological innovations. “The infrastructure of science has definitely improved in the last four to five decades in India. I think if the country decides to invest more towards scientific research, India has really great potential for dramatic advancement,” Professor Kuriyan shares, before returning to his busy schedule.
(October 4, 2021) An Indian girl is hoping to change the unbearable plight of being in Colorado - through leadership, mental health awareness, and as a voice against sexual harassment. Even though it has not been even sailing for Jeeva Senthilnathan, the 18-year-old from Chicago, Illinois, she has persevered. Today, as a global teen leader, game changer and leader for the community at Parker, Colorado, Jeeva continues to inspire. Winner of the Philanthropic Education Organization (PEO) STAR Scholarship, the National Honor Society Top 24 Scholarship (the only student from Colorado), and lauded by the Nile Rodger’s We Are Family Foundation, the introvert is an activist at heart . The girl who ran for Parker Town Council, and a former council member at one time is now focusing on helping Afghans in the US seek asylum, and getting them to register to vote. Among her most fulfilling endeavors, is starting Privando, an organization that works to solve the deep-seated malaise when it comes to sexual harassment and the rape crisis in India. She researched on mental health used electroencephalography (EEG) waves to identify cognitive abilities, levels of motivation, and consciousness in teenagers. Inspired by the emergency blue lights boxes used on
ation that works to solve the deep-seated malaise when it comes to sexual harassment and the rape crisis in India. She researched on mental health used electroencephalography (EEG) waves to identify cognitive abilities, levels of motivation, and consciousness in teenagers. Inspired by the emergency blue lights boxes used on university campuses to create a gadget that creates a network for women to receive help in life-threatening or unsafe situations, Jeeva tells Global Indian, “We mobilized young women in India from village huts to city slums to build a coalition that would not only fight against such incidents, but also create a private network for victims to heal. Privando has been able to obtain $5,000, and is currently working on developing wearable technology: it has saved more than 1,000 women from human trafficking.”
Rooted in India
Her mother, a microbiologist from Chennai, and father, a software developer from Vellore, immigrated to the US in 1998. From Ohio, to Illinois, and finally Colorado, the Senthilnathans were in search of a job for her mother. Learning how it was to be discriminated due to race and color, her “very White school” lacked diversity. She was bullied frequently, and unable to cope, she developed hypothyroidism in second grade, was on medication, and battled depression in sixth grade. “I was quiet, known as the ‘goody-two shoes’ in school. I wasn’t good at public speaking as I lacked confidence,” she says. Taking the challenge head on, she started debating through high school, regardless of the brickbats, sneers, and laughs. Now, the bespectacled girl’s gentle smile exudes wisdom, “I worked hard on issues I cared about, and concentrated on no one but myself. I was my only competition.”
Today, she feels integrated (tied to her Indian roots) rather than assimilated (Americanized). Having parents that helped her believe, and persevere helped her change her circumstances, and life. She and her elder sister Lakshmi Priya saw their parents working long hours. “It helped me challenge myself. I understood the hardships they went through to give us better lives. I realized that I have to work hard to give meaning to my parents’ struggles. Now, I have decided to not work under anyone. I want to lead by becoming my own boss,” she declares.
Turning the spotlight on mental health
Working on mental health started in high school, and while working at Colorado State Capitol in state representative Tom Sullivan’s office, Jeeva saw states passing a legislation on students having to take off mental health days. This made her question America’s standard of education.
“My research became even more important after my greatest mentor, best friend and big brother Jai Rajagopal lost his battle against depression during my first run for office. I will always be thankful to Jai because he lifted me to greater heights unequivocally, and took good care of me in the most difficult times. My first government job was also because of Jai, and I will remember him every time I run for a new office,” Jeeva says.
Covid warrior
During COVID-19 Jeeva started a donation drive to provide oxygen cylinders and oxygen tanks to prepare of India’s third wave, with the Privando team. Jeeva also helped fund students from the High School Democrats of America with online training on larger campaign positions and winning strategies with 10 hours paid work with the help of a grant from Blue Future, an organization that helps mobilize young people to work on campaigns within America. “I took leadership to provide students a stipend while working for a state race – House District 44 in Colorado. I wanted to provide a virtual opportunity for students who needed experience for college applications,” she adds.
Speaking against gun violence while she was working on her first campaign with Simone Aiken (who ran for House District 44 in 2018), and at Tom Sullivan’s office, she explains, “The Extreme Risk Protection Order, also known as ERPO and Red Flag Law, was the legislation inputted to take away firearms temporarily from the mentally ill. The legislation was opposed by Sullivan’s Republican colleagues, though Republican Sherriff Tony Spurlock favored it, and stressed the need for the legislation to assist the police force.”
The PEO STAR Scholar at Littleton (Colorado), is using Privando to empower women, and is the only student in Colorado to be the National Honor’s Society Finalist, a Top 24 Scholar, for which she was awarded $5,625.
As part of the Global Teen Leader program, she worked with over 40 global teen leaders in the summer of 2021 and bounced off new progressive ideas. Jeeva formed a deep friendship with Malawian Chmba Chilemba, Youth To The Front Manager, and facilitator for the Just Peace Summit. “She is an inspiration – so sincere, working hard to solve child marriages in Africa. She DJs in her free time,” she adds.
She is grateful that Colorado Early College Parker (high school) helped her focus on important matters – she received college credits, an associate’s degree for a guaranteed transfer at Colorado School Of Mines. “I was given $2,100 per semester as a full-time student allowing me to pay for half of my bachelor’s degree when I transferred my courses at CECP,” says the mechanical engineering student.
Eye on the future
A voracious reader, Jeeva loves sitting in libraries, devouring books, or watching Netflix. The adrenaline seeker can be seen car racing in Colorado. Next on Jeeva’s to do list is to continue to spread Privando’s reach, finish an MBA and Juris Doctorate. “I have a dream to run for Congress once I turn 25, in the House of Representatives.” Solemn advice? “This world is an ugly place, and our earlier generations created a competitive lifestyle. Students trying to find their way should not forget to live life to the fullest. Make families, education, and being your own boss in something passionate a priority. Stop comparing, focus on yourself. I would love to guide anyone (jeeva4parker.com).
High goals for a girl whose mentors – former state representative Jonathan Singer, Emily Hiltz, and Lindsey Rasmussen instilled in her belief and purpose.
(October 26, 2022) "Trust is earned and I will earn yours," said Rishi Sunak, soon after being sworn-in as the Prime Minister of the UK. It's cause for celebration by Asians the world over. Understandably so - it's an accomplishment with many firsts (he is the first Hindu and the first person of colour to hold the PM's office. He is also the youngest and richest ever). Poetic justice has definitely been served. Although his family's connections with Africa go back two generations, Rishi has never doubted that his roots are truly Indian. Having grown up in the UK, Rishi found success soon after college, working with two hedge funds and going on to become partner at one.Still, he left it all behind to head for the sunny, very promising California climes, where he quickly a name for himself with hedge funds and to graduate as a Fulbright Scholar from Stanford University, where he would also meet his wife, Akshata. Despite a life of privilege (which has caused controversy), Rishi has hardly been the man to choose the easy way - whether it's taking off across the Atlantic or choosing to enter politics as a Conservative candidate. His first bid
choosing to enter politics as a Conservative candidate. His first bid for Prime Minister was thwarted by Liz Truss although he burst back onto the scene with the overwhelming support of 190 MPs. As congratulations pour in from around the world, Global Indian takes a look at his journey.
From Africa to the UK
For Rishi, it has been a long way here, a journey that began with his grandparents, who left India in search of a better life nearly a century ago. His parents were both born in Africa- his father in Kenya and his mother in Tanganyika, which later became part of Tanzania. It was part of a long and shared history - after the creation of the East African Protectorate in 1885, many Indians migrated there. Both regions were under British control at the time.
This symbiosis didn't last long, with vast numbers of Indians leaving East Africa in the second half of the 20th century. Politics had changed and Idi Amin's expulsion of the Indian minority from Uganda made life very difficult for the diaspora, who packed up their bags and moved. In 1966, Rishi's maternal grandfather Raghubir Sain Berry set off to the UK with his family. His wife sold her wedding jewellery to fund that trip.
Rishi's father went on to study medicine at the University of Liverpool while his mother studied pharmacy at Aston University. Rishi, who even did a stint waiting tables at an Indian restaurant, has spoken often of the sacrifices his parents made. "But it was Britain, our country that gave them, and millions like them, the chances of a better future."
Warmest congratulations @RishiSunak! As you become UK PM, I look forward to working closely together on global issues, and implementing Roadmap 2030. Special Diwali wishes to the 'living bridge' of UK Indians, as we transform our historic ties into a modern partnership.
A glowing article in The Tatlerdescribes Rishi Sunak from his days waiting tables at an Indian 'curry house' named Kuti Miah. The restaurant's owner was friends with Rishi's parents, Yashvir and Usha. Which is not to say that RishiSunak comes with a tear-jerker of a rags-to-riches, immigrant in the UK origin story. Far from it. Born to a physician father, Yashvir, while his mother, Usha, ran a pharmacy, his life was decidedly upper-middle class.
Still, even if there are doubts raised about his privileged upbringing, Rishi's capability as a leader is well-known and greatly appreciated among his party MPs. In 2015, he made his political debut by winning the constituency of Richmond, North Yorkshire, in the general elections. Despite early hurdles, he was quickly picked out as a rising star - according to The Tatler, this quality was spotted early on, even by his former boss at Kuti Miah. That year, in 1998, as the then 18-year-old Rishi was all set to enter Oxford University, his boss remarked, "You're going to be someone, Rishi." Sure enough, the fiercely patriotic young man, who grew up, thanks to his parents, immersed in the local community, never looked back.
His broad grin, which he flashes generously, belies the seriousness that lies beneath - Rishi's flawless record goes back a long way, he was Head Boy at Winchester College, an independent boarding school for boys and also editor of the school paper. He went on to read Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he first dipped his toe in politics, as an intern at the Conservative Campaign Headquarters. He graduated in 2001, which was also the year he gave the fateful interview about his 'working class friends' to Middle Classes: Their Rise and Sprawl.
California dreaming
After graduating from Oxford in 2002, Rishi joined Goldman Sachs, where he worked for three years as an analyst. Then, he worked with The Children's Investment Fund Management, a hedge fund firm and became a partner in 2006. After he moved to California, he worked in hedge funds and experienced the buzz of genius and enterprise that comes with being in the Silicon Valley. Eventually, he went to Stanford University for his MBA. Those were golden days in sunny California, a love affair that hasn't quite died out for Rishi Sunak.
Appearing on the BBC's Sunday with Laura Kuennsberg, he said, "You make the point about California. I have lived and worked in California and I actually think it's one of the reasons I would be good at this job.
Rishi went on to reflect on the "culture" of enterprise he witnessed during his two years living on the West Coast. "I think it's incredibly inspiring and empowering. If I was a young person, I'd want to go and do something like that." Rishi went on to add, causing some controversy as he geared up for the Prime Ministerial race that Liz Truss went on to win, that he will not rule out moving to his Santa Monica home if he loses the election.
Meeting Akshata Murthy
[caption id="attachment_31061" align="aligncenter" width="379"] Rishi Sunak and Akshata Murthy at their Bengaluru wedding in 2009[/caption]
The first time they met, Rishi said in an interview, he knew there was "clearly something." Akshata, the daughter of Indian billionaire and Infosys co-founder Narayana Murty was in Stanford University too and Rishi recalls re-arranging his schedule to take the same classes so he could "sit next to her." The couple married in 2009.
In a poignant letter to his daughter in 2016, Narayana Murty describes coming to terms with the man who stole his daughter's heart. "I, too, was a little sad and jealous when you told us you had found your life partner. But when I met Rishi and found him to be all that you had described him to be-brilliant, handsome, and, most importantly, honest-l understood why you let your heart be stolen. It was then that I reconciled to sharing your affections with him," he wrote. Akshata continues to manage her father's venture capital firm, Catamaran Ventures in the UK and together, the couple are the 222nd richest people in Britain, with a combined net worth of GBP 730 million as of 2022.
The political route
Rishi's entry into politics began in 2015 when he won the constituency of Richmond, North Yorkshire in the general elections, becoming the Conservative Party's rising star almost instantly. His entry, however, was not well-received by other conservative candidates, who resented this apparent upstart claiming territory they believed to be theirs. His victory was even more noteworthy because he contested "as a rank outsider," according to the Business Standard, "in the 97 percent white, prosperous rural Conservative bastion of Richmond in Yorkshire, where, the joke goes, there has been no immigration since the Norman conquest in 1066." However, his right-wing economic views - Rishi is an enthusiastic believer in free markets and a vocal critic of Brexit - helped him secure a historic win.
In 2018, Rishi was inducted in the UK government by then British Prime Minister Theresa May. Then 37-years-old, Rishi was a Conservative party MP (Richmond, Yorkshire) with great promise, entering the government as the parliamentary-under-secretary of state in the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government. Incidentally, he was joined by another Indian-origin MP, also a pro-Brexit campaigner - Suella Braverman, who was Suella Fernandes at the time.
Rishi went on to make several contributions in the House of Commons, on issues like digital economy, social mobility and foreign direct investment. "From working in my mum's tiny chemist shop to my experience building large businesses, I have seen how we should support free enterprise and innovation to ensure Britain has a stronger future," Rishi told the media back in 2018.
[caption id="attachment_31063" align="aligncenter" width="744"] Rishi Sunak with his family[/caption]
The Conservative man of colour
As a conservative candidate of colour, Rishi's position is always likely to be precarious. Will he usher in a post-race era, or speak up for the hyper-local, ethnic problems that minorities face in the UK? Always fiercely patriotic, his loyalty to the UK cannot be called into question. However, he remarked, to the Business Standard, "British Indian is what I tick on the census, we have a category for it. I am thoroughly British, this is my home and my country, but my religious and cultural heritage is Indian, my wife is Indian. I am open about being a Hindu." Although he is given to phrases like "oh crikey," he does speak a smattering of Hindi and Punjabi.
Making history
In 2019, Rishi became the first Indian-origin to be named Chancellor of the Exchequer, taking over 11 Downing Street as one of the most powerful people in England. His term was, admittedly, fraught with controversy - he was charged with breaking lockdown laws, for instance. Finally, Akshata stepped in, saying she would pay the taxes, not because she had to because she “wanted” to do so.
On July 5, 2022, Rishi resigned from his post as Chancellor of the Exchequer, withdrawing support from PM Boris Johnson over a sexual harassment scandal within the government. He contested then as something of an underdog, with Liz Truss eventually being named the Prime Minister. He tenure was short-lived and tumultuous and on October 25, Rishi Sunak, who stood unopposed, was named the Prime Minister –in-waiting of the UK. Perhaps Rishi will have his own chance at rewriting history after all.
(November 19, 2024) In the quiet labs of the University of Cambridge and the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, groundbreaking discoveries are made in the fight against one of the world’s oldest and deadliest diseases—tuberculosis (TB). At the centre of this transformative work is Dr Lalita Ramakrishnan, a visionary scientist and physician who has pioneered the use of freshwater fish, the zebrafish as a model organism to unravel the complexities of TB. Her journey, spanning continents and disciplines, is as inspiring as her discoveries. In November 2024, her groundbreaking contributions were recognized with the prestigious Robert Koch Prize, awarded in Berlin. This accolade, endowed with €120,000, celebrates outstanding achievements in the field of infectious disease research and is a result of her lifelong dedication to science. [caption id="attachment_60264" align="aligncenter" width="800"] Lalita Ramakrishnan with other recipients of the 2024 Robert Koch Prize, in Berlin[/caption] The Robert Koch Prize is a highly esteemed scientific award presented annually by the Robert Koch Foundation to honor exceptional contributions to scientific research. Named after Robert Koch (1843–1910), the German physician who pioneered modern bacteriology and received the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 1905, the award celebrates groundbreaking advancements in science. Lalita
he Robert Koch Foundation to honor exceptional contributions to scientific research. Named after Robert Koch (1843–1910), the German physician who pioneered modern bacteriology and received the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 1905, the award celebrates groundbreaking advancements in science.
Lalita Ramakrishnan's efforts to address the deadly impact of tuberculosis are not confined to well-resourced countries. The Global Indiancollaborates closely with clinicians in high-burden regions like India, Vietnam, and Indonesia to ensure that her findings reach those most affected “Clinical work is slow no matter where you are, but in under-resourced areas, it’s even more challenging. It’s crucial to bring these innovations where they’re needed most,” she emphasised.
Tuberculosis: A global health challenge
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of impacting other parts of the body. It remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, claiming over 1.5 million lives annually, with millions more falling ill each year. TB disproportionately affects low and middle-income countries, perpetuating cycles of poverty and poor health. It's drug-resistant strains pose a growing threat to global public health efforts.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ACub0wgeKo
Indian footprints in global science and health research
Driven by curiosity and ambition, many Indian researchers venture abroad to access advanced facilities, collaborate with leading global scientists, and explore cutting-edge technologies. These experiences not only enrich their expertise but also position them as key contributors to solving critical global health issues.
From pioneering affordable vaccines to advancing genomics and epidemiology, Indian scientists and researchers have consistently demonstrated excellence on the international stage. Figures like Lalita Ramakrishnan, a trailblazer in tuberculosis research, highlight India's growing influence in shaping global health solutions.
Using the freshwater fish, zebrafish as model to study TB immunity
Lalita’s journey to using zebrafish for TB research began during her postdoctoral fellowship at Stanford University. Her mentor, Stanley Falkow, discouraged her from working on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB in humans, because it grows very slowly and requires special safety precautions. Instead, he suggested she try studying Mycobacterium marinum, a close relative that infects fish and amphibians.
Curious, Lalita dug into a bacteriology manual and decided to experiment with M. marinum in zebrafish larvae. These tiny, see-through fish turned out to be perfect for her research, as their transparent bodies made it possible to watch infections unfold under a microscope.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQij4xtnkx0
“When we saw granulomas, the hallmark structures of TB, forming in zebrafish, it was a eureka moment,” she said. This approach gave scientists a completely new way to understand how TB bacteria interact with the body’s immune system.
Early Influences: From India to a global stage
Lalita Ramakrishnan’s scientific journey began in Vadodara, India, where she was born in 1959 into a family of scientists. Along with her parents, her brother, Venki Ramakrishnan who is a Nobel laureate instilled in her a curiosity for science. While her mother’s battles with spinal tuberculosis left an indelible mark, exposing young Lalita to the harsh realities of the disease.
“I was only 17 when I began medical school in Baroda,” Lalita recalls, “but I soon realized that medicine alone wouldn’t satisfy my curiosity.” She later pursued a PhD in immunology at Tufts University in Boston, merging her medical training with research. “As I was doing my PhD, I saw medicine in a new light,” she shared.
She completed her medical residency at Tufts Medical Center, followed by a fellowship in infectious diseases at the University of California, San Francisco. It was during this time that her interest in TB crystallized. “TB was attractive to me because it is obviously a huge problem, but, at the same time, I found biology really fascinating,” she explained. Her postdoctoral work at Stanford University further cemented her path as she developed the zebrafish model that would become central to her groundbreaking research.
In 2001, Lalita Ramakrishnan set up her own lab at the University of Washington. There, she thrived in a dynamic research community, and her bold decision to use zebrafish led to groundbreaking discoveries that reshaped the understanding and treatment of TB.
Bridging basic science and clinical applications
Lalita’s research seamlessly bridges lab discoveries with human health implications. Her academic and professional journey also took her to Cambridge in 2014, where she joined the University of Cambridge as a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow. This move marked another chapter in her career, allowing her to work in a globally renowned research environment in the United Kingdom. Here, she continued to expand her work on host-pathogen interactions, collaborating with scientists worldwide to translate her findings into clinical solutions.
Beyond TB, Lalita has used zebrafish to study leprosy, uncovering how the bacteria cause nerve damage. Her insights have broad implications for infectious diseases and human biology. “The TB bacterium has evolved with us; understanding it helps us understand ourselves,” she reflected.
Addressing public health misconceptions
One of Lalita’s most important contributions was challenging the long-held belief that a third of the world’s population has latent TB. Her research showed that most people clear the bacteria within two years, proving that latent TB isn’t a lifelong condition as previously thought. “The realisation that the true number of latent cases is much lower makes the problem more solvable,” she explained.
This discovery has major public health benefits. Instead of focusing on an overestimated number of latent cases, resources can now be directed to recent infections and vulnerable groups. “If you think a quarter of the world is infected, the challenge feels insurmountable,” Lalita said. Her findings have even influenced the World Health Organization, helping to reshape global TB strategies. Lalita’s willingness to challenge established ideas has not only transformed TB research but also inspired a new generation of scientists to think critically and creatively.
Life beyond the lab
Outside the lab, Lalita finds joy in cycling, cooking, and spending time with friends and family. Her global network of collaborators and former students testifies to the relationships she has built throughout her career. “Science is a team effort,” she said, “and it’s the people I’ve worked with who have made this journey so fulfilling.”
Despite her busy schedule, Lalita Ramakrishnan remains grounded, finding balance through hobbies and outdoor activities. Her love for cycling has not only kept her physically active but also allowed her to form friendships outside her professional sphere. “It’s a great way to stay connected with the world beyond science,” she shared.
A legacy of curiosity and impact
Lalita Ramakrishnan's journey has redefined TB research and inspired countless scientists. As she continues to probe the mysteries of TB, she remains hopeful about the future. “Understanding TB is not just about solving a medical problem; it’s about understanding ourselves,” she said.
Through her pioneering work, Lalita Ramakrishnan has changed the narrative of TB, and illuminated a path for tackling the world’s most pressing health challenges. Her story highlights the enduring impact of science driven by compassion and curiosity. As an Indian researcher contributing significantly to global science, Lalita’s accomplishments also highlights the vital role of women in STEM, inspiring others to break barriers and pursue transformative research that benefits humanity.
(April 18, 2023) India has the largest diaspora population in the world, with over 13 million Indians living outside the country and 17 million people of Indian origin spread. While they are known to be skilled IT professionals, several Indian-origin scholars have made significant contributions to the field of maths, science, technology, and many more - which has also translated to them winning some of the biggest awards in their field. In fact, according to the latest report by Alper Dodger (AD) Scientific Index, a total of 52 Indians are among the world’s top two percent scholars in 2023. One of the most recent examples of Indian scholars shining at a global level is that of Dr. CR Rao, who recently received the 2023 International Prize in Statistics, the equivalent to the Nobel Prize in the field, for his monumental work 75 years ago that revolutionised statistical thinking. The 102-year-old mathematician, who will also receive a cash prize of $80,000, is considered one of the pioneers of modern statistics and has worked in various areas, including multivariate analysis, sample survey theory, and biometry. Global Indian looks at a few notable scholars who have done pioneering work in their field and
rn statistics and has worked in various areas, including multivariate analysis, sample survey theory, and biometry. Global Indian looks at a few notable scholars who have done pioneering work in their field and helped take Brand India a notch higher.
Dr. Kaushik Rajashekara
The recipient of the Global Energy Prize 2022 - the highest award in the field of energy - Dr. Rajashekara is one of the first engineers, who worked on the concept of building an electronic vehicle, far before the technology became known to the common man. The scholar, who is currently working as a Distinguished Professor of Engineering at the University of Houston, wishes to pass on all the knowledge he has gained in the last three decades to new-age engineers, to ensure that the evolution of science and technology never stops.
[caption id="attachment_32596" align="aligncenter" width="672"] Dr, Rajashekara with GM Impact electric vehicle in 1993[/caption]
Speaking to Global Indian about his accomplishments in a previous interview, the scholar said, "When I received the e-mail about my selection, I could not believe it for a moment. This award shows the importance of energy efficiency improvement and reducing emissions. I am proud of the contributions I made to technologies that would improve the environment. Also, I have travelled to about 60 countries giving seminars on various topics at universities and conferences. It is humbling to recognise how many people contributed to my success, expecting nothing in return. 'It takes a village' is very true in my case, and I am fortunate that my village included some of the most encouraging and inspiring engineers in the field."
Dr. Venkatraman Ramakrishna
Who would have thought that a man born in the small temple town of Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, could bring home the Nobel Prize for Chemistry? But, defying every odd that faced him, Dr. Venkatraman Ramakrishna won the top prize in 2009 for his research on the structure and function of ribosomes. Currently working as a group leader at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK, the scholar is a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and has also served as the President of the Royal Society from 2015 to 2020.
"It takes a certain amount of courage to tackle very hard problems in science, I now realise," the scholar said after winning the Nobel Prize, adding, "You don't know what the timescale of your work will be: decades or only a few years. Or your approach may be fatally flawed and doomed to fail. Or you could get scooped just as you are finalising your work. It is very stressful." The scholar also received the prestigious Order of Merit from King Charles in 2022.
Dr. Ravi Prakash Singh
Included among the top 1 percent of highly cited researchers across the globe by Clarivate Analytics-Web of Science, every year since 2017, Dr. Ravi Prakash Singh has been working tirelessly towards his goal of increasing food production in the world for the last four decades. A Distinguished Scientist and Head of Global Wheat Improvement at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico, the academic has developed several wheat varieties, which have added over $1 billion annually to farmers’ incomes through increased productivity and built-in disease resistance.
[caption id="attachment_34134" align="aligncenter" width="627"] Dr Ravi Prakash Singh, Head of Global Wheat Improvement at CIMMYT[/caption]
The scientist also serves as Adjunct Professor at Cornell University and Kansas State University and is the recipient of several top awards in agrotechnology, including the Outstanding CGIAR Scientist Award, the CSSA Crop Science Research Award, the University of Minnesota E.C. Stakman Award, and the China State Council’s Friendship Award. "The awards recognise and value many years of wheat breeding at CIMMYT, where I had the opportunity, privilege, and satisfaction to have contributed and made impacts through our invaluable partners in India and many other countries," the scholar told GIduring an interview.
Dr. Pavithra Prabhakar
Proving the age-old idea, 'mathematics is not for girls' wrong, Dr. Pavithra Prabhakaran's research in the field of machine learning and artificial intelligence is helping the industry grow by leaps and bounds. Currently, the Peggy and Gary Edwards chair in engineering and professor of computer science at Kansas State University, the scholar recently received the prestigious Amazon Research Award to design a tool that highlights changes between different versions of machine learning software systems to minimise negative user experiences.
The Programme Director at the National Science Foundation, USA, the scholar's proposed research will build on foundational concepts from process algebra and control theory to define mathematical notions of distance between different versions of machine learning systems and develop algorithms for outputting the similarity and dissimilarity between them. "The broad objective of the project is to automatically characterise how much two versions of machine learning-based systems are similar or different," she told GIduring an interview.
Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee
"An elegant inquiry, at once clinical and personal, into the long history of an insidious disease that, despite treatment breakthroughs, still bedevils medical science," the Pulitzer Prize committee had noted while awarding the 2011 award to cancer specialist Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee. An Indian American oncologist, cell biologist, and hematologist, Dr Mukherjee created waves in the medical world after he released his first book The Emperor of Maladies: A Biography of Cancer, which weaves together his experiences as a cancer expert.
[caption id="attachment_32440" align="aligncenter" width="651"] Lee C. Bollinger, President of Columbia University presenting Pulitzer Prize to Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee[/caption]
Honoured with India's fourth highest civilian award, the Padma Shri, the scholar's research about the roles of cells in cancer therapy has helped several medical practitioners across the globe help ailing patients. "The book is written entirely for a layperson to understand, but I wanted to treat this audience with the utmost seriousness. If you look at Amazon, you find 5000 books about cancer…but I felt as if there was a vacuum and that none of these books addressed the kinds of questions that patients and families have, which is a desire to have a larger history, one that goes back to the origins and then takes us into the future," the scholar had said after winning the Pulitzer Prize.
(December 29, 2021) In 2021, Amanda Sodhi was on the move, non-stop. Around Christmas last year, she sold her furniture in Kolkata, downsized to a suitcase and embarked on a journey in search of “home” and “belonging.” Living life out of a suitcase, Amanda’s search took her to 10 cities in the past 12 months. Friendships were born, memories cherished as this juggler of many talents moved forward. Her 12StepsToHome Instagram project across 12 cities in India went viral. The singer who has written lyrics for two songs in Amazon’s Made in Heaven and directed films in diverse genres, is looking at 2022 to become an author now! A digital nomad, Amanda’s startup — Pen Paper Dreams promotes creative self-expression. The former Washington DC native wears multiple hats — entrepreneur- singer-songwriter-poet-screenwriter, filmmaker now travelling philosopher. “We’ve conducted sessions at bookstores, cafes, schools, co-working spaces, lit fests, etc. We’ve been hosted by Juggernaut Books, Rupa Publications, LBB, WeWork, YLAC, Hyderabad Trails and Haptik,” informs Amanda, a self-confessed book worm to whom poetry, songs and stories come naturally. [caption id="attachment_18317" align="aligncenter" width="522"] Amanda Sodhi[/caption] While Pen Paper Dreams began as a poem-a-day Instagram project, it evolved into a brand that helps people
While Pen Paper Dreams began as a poem-a-day Instagram project, it evolved into a brand that helps people bust stress through creative self-expression.
A city to city trail
While enjoying a shikara ride on the pristine Dal Lake in Srinagar on Diwali 2020, a realisation dawned upon Amanda. “Rather than staying in one place and feeling sorry, why not consciously uproot each month and live in different cities and see if I find a place that has the potential to feel like home or, if I find my tribe,” informs Amanda, who like many others was feeling isolated towards 2020 end.
A chance meeting with filmmaker Amit Madheshiya (Cannes-winning director) in Srinagar who himself shuttles between Delhi, Mumbai and Srinagar led to 12StepsToHome. “Witnessing him pull that off inspired me to take it up a notch and live out of a suitcase for 12 months, a different city each month,” says Sodhi in an exclusive with Global Indian.
[caption id="attachment_18318" align="aligncenter" width="647"] Amanda Sodhi in Coonoor[/caption]
Born and brought up in Washington DC, Amanda moved to Los Angeles in 2011. She was 25 when she moved to Mumbai (2012) and later to Kolkata (2017). The same year, the Indian-American launched Pen Paper Dreams -- which works towards cultivating inclusive virtual safe spaces which are creative communities.
But first, the travel
Amanda’s journey took her through India’s hinterland. Her experiences in Andamans were most cherished. “In Andaman, I was fortunate to meet very kind locals who were a wonderful support system. The beaches were stunning too,” she says.
The beauty of Kashmir captivated this itinerant traveller though it was challenging at times. Her time in Hyderabad was great. “It has all the facilities of a tier-one city with the added bonus of a more leisurely pace,” quips Amanda, who went to Marymount University in Virginia, where she double majored in communications and English, and minored in business. She graduated the four-year programme in three years.
Living out of a suitcase is quite affordable, insists Amanda matter-of-factly. Her monthly spend is ₹7,000 to ₹15,000 on rentals, meals or shared kitchen access, Wi-Fi, electricity, room cleaning etc, though in metros like Mumbai, it was more. Amanda, whose father passed away in December 2015, has her mother and elder sister in the US.
[caption id="attachment_18319" align="aligncenter" width="465"] Amanda Sodhi in Hyderabad[/caption]
Work defines her, through her 12 steps. To budget, the 34-year-old relies on auto-rickshaws and buses to sightsee. The startup founder is presently in God’s own country – Kerala - the 12th and final month of #12StepsToHome.
While her 12-month journey ends on December 31, 2021, the search for home and belonging has come full circle. “I would like to divide my time between Hyderabad and Srinagar next year,” informs Amanda, who just finished reading The Cat Who Saved Books and now switches between The Startup Wife, Destination Wedding and Tokyo Ever After.
A solo woman traveller
As a woman travelling alone, she has had some bad experiences too, one homestay billed her falsely, and after she wrote a bad review, she had to face the police. “In Srinagar, someone followed me to my homestay, and later even followed me to the police station. The homestay was semi-starving (us) tenants - though we were billed for a meal plan – as the landlady was sadistic. The second wave was in full swing, so most shops were shut and sourcing food became a huge issue,” says Amanda, who agrees with Indian comedian and actor Vir Das about “two Indias.”
[caption id="attachment_18320" align="aligncenter" width="543"] Amanda Sodhi in Andamans.[/caption]
Of course, Sodhi always has her guard up while travelling. “I have never felt that my life is in danger but eve-teasing saddens me. In Puri, I was uneasy when older men stared and cat-called at a beach. This, I would only go for walks when friends were on a a call with me,” informs Amanda, who grew up watching Hindi films and listening to Indian music.
The entrepreneurial bug
Travel aside, she is a hands-on entrepreneur. “I’m a digital nomad and I have great discipline. I meet client deadlines, irrespective of whether I am traveling or not. I’m simply living in different cities each month, not on a 365-day vacation,” says Sodhi. Interestingly, she had previously enrolled in a few kirtan classes at a local gurudwara, briefly.
Her startup conducted online sessions during the pandemic too. "Writing is therapeutic. We conducted many free creative writing workshops online to help people destress, in addition to our paid programmes. We created a virtual interactive reading and writing group. It is rewarding when people share how these sessions have helped them,” says Amanda. Her company works with interns and freelancers but Amanda does most of the work on her own. “We are a tiny startup, and don't have the budget to recruit a full-time team,” she smiles.
The future is bright
Next on agenda is a book about her 12StepsToHome. “I hope to release it in 2022, and will also release a new single then. I hope to continue to grow Pen Paper Dreams.” She is hoping that the book about #12StepsToHome gets picked up for an OTT project.
[caption id="attachment_18321" align="aligncenter" width="640"] Amanda Sodhi in Spiti[/caption]
Earlier in her career, the Indian-American recorded the background score of an Indie film called 5 Souls in 2011, and wrote music reviews for Planet Bollywood which caught the attention of renowned lyricist, screenwriter and poet Prasoon Joshi. He asked her to translate his lyrics into English for his anthology, Sunshine Lanes.
She has penned the lyrics of two songs for Netflix series Made in Heaven, and for the hugely popular — Puppet Life, I Don't Write Sad Songs Anymore, Takiye Pe Sar she composed and sang too.
A tweet by AR Rahman and Kalki Koechlin for her lyrics in the two songs in Made In Heaven thrilled her to bits. She also released three singles earlier — Jigsaw Puzzle, Behind My Sunglasses and MainKhaali that were received well.
Filmi gupshup
As she juggles diverse talents, one must mention her co-written feature film Life! Camera, Action.... with Rohit Gupta. Amanda shared a nomination with him for Best Screenplay at the World Music and Independent Film Festival 2011. Apart from the lyrics of Hai Yeh Kaisa Safar, she wrote and directed two short films — The Dance of Death and Through Bloodshot Eyes.
"The fact that I’ve survived the curveballs life has thrown at me, and haven’t given up on my dreams yet is what gives me maximum joy,” says Amanda, for whom Mindy Kaling, Hasan Minhaj and Lilly Singh are her favourite global Indians.
How Amanda went around India in 12 months
January - Hyderabad
February - Andamans
March - Ooty
April and May - Kashmir
June - Hyderabad / Hampi
July - Manali / Spiti
August - Imphal
September - Puri
October - Chandigarh
November - Delhi
December - Kerala (Wayanad, Alleppey, Varkala)